UJIAN TANPA MUSNAH

Ujian Tanpa Musnah adalah satu teknik ujian di mana ujian dilakukan ke atas bahan tersebut tanpa merosakkan atau memusnahkan bahan tersebut. 

Ujian tanpa musnah selalunya dilakukan ke atas bahan untuk mencari keretakan, keliangan pada tuangan keluli, kimpalan, bahagian yang ditempa dan juga dalam komponen elektronik yang mungkin mengakibatkan kesan buruk terhadap komponen tersebut. 

Terdapat berbagai jenis ujian tanpa musnah boleh dilakukan seperti secara visual, penggunaan alat optik. Secara mekanikal, ultrasonik, magnetik, elektronik resapan warna dan juga x-ray.

CONTOH: 

UJIAN PENEMBUSAN CECAIR ( DYE PENETRANT )

DEFINITION : is a widely applied and low-cost inspection method used to locate surface-breaking defects in all non-porous materials (metals, plastics, or ceramics). The penetrant may be applied to all non-ferrous materials and ferrous materials, but for inspection of ferrous components magnetic-particle inspectionis also preferred for its subsurface detection capability. LPI is used to detect casting, forging and welding surface defects such as cracks,suface porosities, and leaks in new products, and fatigue cracks on in-service components.

BAHAN-BAHAN 

(REMOVER, PENETRANT AND DEVELOPER)

1. Section of material with a surface-breaking crack that is not visible to the naked eye.

2. Penetrant is applied to the surface.

3. Excess penetrant is removed.

4. Developer is applied, rendering the crack visible.

CMM MACHINE (MITUTOYO)

CARA-CARA PENGUKURAN MENGGUNAKAN CMM MACHINE

ALAT PENGUKURAN

               Alat pengukuran merupakan alat yang digunakan untuk mengukur sesuatu benda. Contoh alat-alat pengukuran ialah :                                              

 PITA PENGUKUR

PEMBARIS METER

                             ANGKUP VERNIER

TOLOK SKRU MIKROMETER

JAM RANDEK

TERMOMETER

AMMETER

                            MILIAMMETER

                                                   STROBOSKOP

JANGKA MASA DETIK

SYSTEM GUARANTEE QUALITY

QUALITY ASSURANCE & QUALITY CONTROL

      Quality Control (QC) is a system of routine technical activities, to measure and control the quality of the inventory as it is being developed. The QC system is designed to:

1. Provide routine and consistent checks to ensure data integrity, correctness, and completeness;
2. Identify and address errors and omissions;
3. Document and archive inventory material and record all QC activities.

       QC activities include general methods such as accuracy checks on data acquisition and calculations and the use of approved standardised procedures for emission calculations, measurements, estimating uncertainties, archiving information and reporting. Higher tier QC activities include technical reviews of source categories, activity and emission factor data, and methods.


       Quality Assurance  (QA) activities include a planned system of review procedures conducted by personnel not directly involved in the inventory compilation/development process.  Reviews, preferably by independent third parties, should be performed upon a finalised inventory following the implementation of QC procedures. Reviews verify that data quality objectives were met, ensure that the inventory represents the best possible estimates of emissions and sinks given the current state of scientific knowledge and data available, and support the effectiveness of the QC programme.